the study of the methods of direct and semi-direct democracy

the democratic system is applied by three methods; by the representatives of people (indirect or representative democracy); by the people and their representative; and by the people themselves. in the constitution of the countries who accepted the national sovereignty doctrine the people's regime will be only applied by their representatives (like members of parliament, primeminister, the president). whereas, in the states that are on base of the people's sovereignty the role of people could be applied by the representatives of people or directly by people. it is usually common that the states applying the doctrine of representatives' system and it is not usual to submit to people in applying the constitutional and legislative power. in this paper i have tried to discuss the main subjects of the direct sovereignty of people in some countries. these topics are: public assembly, the recall of elected representatives by people, and the veto or statute' proposals by people, constitutional and act' referendum, etc.